Herbert Sheldon the Science and Fine Art of Fasting Online Reading

American science fiction writer (1915–1987)

James Tiptree Jr.
Alice Sheldon, January 1946
Built-in	Alice Hastings Bradley (1915-08-24)August 24, 1915 Chicago, Illinois, United states of america
Died	May nineteen, 1987(1987-05-19) (aged 71) McLean, Virginia, US
Pen name	James Tiptree Jr. Raccoona Sheldon
Occupation	Creative person intelligence analyst research psychologist writer
Citizenship	US
Education	American University, BA George Washington University, PhD
Period	1968–1988 (new fiction)[ane]
Genre	Science fiction
Spouse	William Davey (1934–1941) Huntington D. Sheldon (1945–1987, their deaths)
Relatives	Mary Hastings Bradley (mother) Herbert Edwin Bradley (father)
Signature

Alice Bradley Sheldon (born Alice Hastings Bradley; August 24, 1915 – May 19, 1987) was an American science fiction and fantasy author better known every bit James Tiptree Jr., a pen proper name she used from 1967 to her expiry. It was not publicly known until 1977 that James Tiptree Jr. was a woman. From 1974 to 1985 she also used the pen name Raccoona Sheldon. Tiptree was inducted into the Science Fiction Hall of Fame in 2012.^[2]

Tiptree's debut story drove, X Thousand Light-Years from Home, was published in 1973 and her kickoff novel, Upwardly the Walls of the World, was published in 1978. Her other works include 1973 novelette "The Women Men Don't Meet", 1974 novella "The Daughter Who Was Plugged In", 1976 novella "Houston, Houston, Exercise You Read?", 1985 novel Brightness Falls from the Air, and 1990 short story "Her Fume Rose Upwardly Forever".

Early life, family and didactics [edit]

Alice Hastings Bradley came from a family in the intellectual enclave of Hyde Park, a university neighborhood in Chicago.^[three] Her father was Herbert Edwin Bradley, a lawyer and naturalist, and her mother was Mary Hastings Bradley, a prolific writer of fiction and travel books.^[4] From an early historic period she traveled with her parents, and in 1921–22, the family made their offset trip to central Africa. During these trips, she played the role of the "perfect daughter, willing to be carried across Africa like a parcel, always neatly dressed and well behaved, a credit to her mother." This later contributed to her short story, "The Women Men Don't See."^[4]

Betwixt trips to Africa, Bradley attended school in Chicago. At the age of ten, she went to the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools, which was an experimental pedagogy workshop with small classes and loose structure. When she was xiv, she was sent to finishing school in Lausanne in Switzerland, before returning to the United states of america to attend boarding school in Tarrytown in New York.

Adulthood and early on career: 1934–1967 [edit]

Bradley was encouraged by her mother to seek a career, simply her mother likewise hoped that she would become married and settle down.^[4] In 1934, at historic period 19, she met William (Bill) Davey and eloped to ally him.^{[4] [5]} She dropped out of Sarah Lawrence Higher, which did not allow married students to attend. They moved to Berkeley, California, where they took classes and Pecker encouraged her to pursue fine art.^[four] The marriage was non a success; he was an alcoholic and irresponsible with money and she disliked keeping house.^[4] The couple divorced in 1940.^[4] Subsequently, she became a graphic artist, a painter, and—still nether the name "Alice Bradley Davey"—an art critic for the Chicago Sun between 1941 and 1942.^{[half dozen]}

After the divorce, Bradley joined the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps where she became a supply officer.^[4] In 1942 she joined the United States Army Air Forces and worked in the Army Air Forces photo-intelligence group. She subsequently was promoted to major, a high rank for women at the time. In the regular army, she "felt she was among free women for the beginning time." As an intelligence officer, she became an expert in reading aeriform intelligence photographs.^[5]

In 1945, at the shut of the state of war, while she was on assignment in Paris, she married her 2d husband, Huntington D. Sheldon, known as "Ting." She was discharged from the military machine in 1946, at which time she prepare a small business concern in partnership with her husband. The same year her first story ("The Lucky Ones") was published in the November sixteen, 1946 issue of The New Yorker, and credited to "Alice Bradley" in the magazine. In 1952 she and her husband were invited to join the CIA, which she accepted. At the CIA, she worked every bit an intelligence officer, only she did not relish the work.^[5] She resigned her position in 1955 and returned to college.

She studied for her available of arts degree at American University (1957–1959). She received a doctorate from George Washington Academy in Experimental Psychology in 1967. She wrote her doctoral dissertation on the responses of animals to novel stimuli in differing environments. During this time, she wrote and submitted a few scientific discipline fiction stories under the proper noun James Tiptree Jr., in order to protect her bookish reputation.^[vii]

Art career [edit]

Bradley began illustrating when she was nine years onetime, contributing to her mother's book, Alice in Elephantland, a children's book nigh the family unit'southward second trip to Africa, appearing in it as herself.^[viii] She later had an exhibit of her drawings of Africa at the Chicago Gallery, arranged by her parents.^[nine] Although she illustrated several of her female parent's books, she only sold one illustration during her lifetime, in 1931, to The New Yorker, with help from Harold Ober, a New York agent who worked with her mother. The illustration, of a horse rearing and throwing off its rider, sold for 10 dollars.^[ten]

In 1936, Bradley participated in a group evidence at the Art Found of Chicago, to which she had connections through her family, featuring new American work. This was an important stride forrad for her painting career. During this time she as well took private fine art lessons from John Sloan. Sheldon disliked prudery in painting. While examining an anatomy book for an art class, she noticed that the genitals were blurred, so she restored the genitals of the figures with a pencil.^[11]

In 1939, her nude self-portrait titled Portrait in the Country was accepted for the "All-American" biennial testify at the Corcoran Gallery in Washington D.C., where it was displayed for 6 weeks. While these two shows were considered big breaks, she disparaged these accomplishments, saying that "only second charge per unit painters sold" and she preferred to go on her works at abode.^[12]

By 1940, Bradley felt she had mastered all the techniques she needed and was prepare to cull her subject matter. However, she began to doubt whether she should pigment. She kept working at her painting techniques, fascinated with the questions of course, and read books on aesthetics in order to know what scientifically made a painting "proficient."^[xiii] She stopped painting in 1941. As she was in need of a mode to support herself, her parents helped her find a chore equally an art critic for the Chicago Sun.^[six]

Science fiction career: 1967-1987 [edit]

Bradley discovered science fiction in 1924, when she read her first issue of Weird Tales, but she wouldn't write any herself until years later on.^[14] Unsure what to do with her new degrees and her new/old careers, she began to write science fiction. She adopted the pseudonym of James Tiptree Jr. in 1967. The name "Tiptree" came from a branded jar of marmalade, and the "Jr." was her husband's thought. In an interview, she said: "A male person proper noun seemed like good camouflage. I had the feeling that a man would sideslip by less observed. I've had too many experiences in my life of being the starting time woman in some damned occupation."^{[15] [16]} She likewise fabricated the choice to kickoff writing science fiction she, herself, was interested in and "was surprised to find that her stories were immediately accepted for publication and quickly became popular."^[5]

Her start published brusque story was "Nascency of a Salesman" in the March 1968 issue of Analog Scientific discipline Fact & Fiction, edited by John West. Campbell. 3 more followed that yr in If and Fantastic.^[one] Other pen names that she used included "Alice Hastings Bradley", "Major Alice Davey", "Alli B. Sheldon", "Dr. Alice B. Sheldon", and "Raccoona Sheldon".

Writing under the pseudonym Raccoona, she was not very successful getting published until her other alter ego, Tiptree, wrote to publishers to intervene.^[17]

The pseudonym was successfully maintained until late 1977,^[17] partly considering, although "Tiptree" was widely known to exist a pseudonym, it was generally understood that its use was intended to protect the professional reputation of an intelligence customs official. Readers, editors and correspondents were permitted to assume gender, and by and large, merely not invariably, they causeless "male person". At that place was speculation, based partially on the themes in her stories, that Tiptree might be female. In 1975, in the introduction to Warm Worlds and Otherwise, a collection of Tiptree's short stories, Robert Silverberg wrote: "[i]t has been suggested that Tiptree is female, a theory that I find absurd, for in that location is to me something ineluctably masculine about Tiptree's writing."^[18] Silverberg besides likened Tiptree's writing to Ernest Hemingway's, arguing there was a "prevailing masculinity almost both of them -- that preoccupation with questions of courage, with absolute values, with the mysteries and passions of life and death as revealed by extreme physical tests, by hurting and suffering and loss."^[eighteen]

[Tiptree's work is] proof of what she said, that men and women can and practise speak both to and for i another, if they have bothered to learn how.

--Ursula G. Le Guin,^[19] Khatru

"Tiptree" never made any public appearances, just she did correspond regularly with fans and other science fiction authors through the mail. When asked for biographical details, Tiptree/Sheldon was forthcoming in everything but her gender. According to her biographer, Julie Phillips, "No 1 had ever seen or spoken to the owner of this vocalism. He wrote letters, warm, frank, funny messages, to other writers, editors, and science fiction fans". In her letters to fellow writers such as Ursula M. Le Guin and Joanna Russ, she would present herself equally a feminist man; yet, Sheldon did non nowadays herself as male in person. Writing was a manner to escape a male-dominated society, themes Tiptree explored in the curt stories later collected in Her Smoke Rose Upwardly Forever. One story in particular offers an splendid illustration of these themes. "Houston, Houston, Do You Read?" follows a group of astronauts who discover a futurity Earth whose male person population has been wiped out; the remaining females have learned to go along simply fine in their absence.

In 1976, "Tiptree" mentioned in a letter that "his" mother, also a author, had died in Chicago—details that led inquiring fans to observe the obituary, with its reference to Alice Sheldon; shortly all was revealed. Once the initial shock was over, Sheldon wrote to Le Guin, one of her closest friends, confessing her identity. She wrote, "I never wrote you anything but the verbal truth, there was no calculation or intent to deceive, other than the signature which over 8 years became only another nickname; everything else is simply plainly me. The thing is, I am a 61-twelvemonth-old adult female named Alice Sheldon — nickname Alli – solitary by nature merely married for 37 years to a very nice man considerably older [Huntington was 12 years her senior], who doesn't read my stuff simply is glad I like writing".^[20]

Afterwards Sheldon's identity was revealed, several prominent science fiction writers suffered some embarrassment. Robert Silverberg, who had argued that Tiptree could not be a woman from the evidence of her stories, added a postscript to his introduction to the second edition of Tiptree'south Warm Worlds and Otherwise, published in 1979.^[21] Harlan Ellison had introduced Tiptree's story in the anthology Again, Dangerous Visions with the opinion that "[Kate] Wilhelm is the woman to beat this twelvemonth, simply Tiptree is the man".^{[ citation needed ]}

Only and so did she complete her first full-length novel, Up the Walls of the Globe, which was a Doubleday Science Fiction Book Guild selection.^[one] Before that she had worked on and built a reputation only in the field of brusque stories.

Themes [edit]

"Tip" was a crucial function of mod SF'due south maturing process … "He"… wrote powerful fiction challenging readers' assumptions about everything, especially sex and gender.

— Suzy McKee Charnas,^[19] The Women's Review of Books

A constant theme in Sheldon's work is feminism. In "The Women Men Don't See" Sheldon gives the tale a unique feminist spin past making the narrator, Don Fenton, a male. Fenton judges the Parsons, the mother and daughter who are searching for conflicting life, based on their attractiveness and is agitated when they do non "fulfill stereotypical female roles," co-ordinate to Anne Cranny-Francis.^[22] In improver, Fenton's inability to understand both the plight of woman and Ruth Parsons' feelings of alienation further illustrate the differences of men and women in society. The theme of feminism is emphasized by "the feminist ideology espoused by Ruth Parsons and the contrasting sexism of Fenton".^[22] The title of the brusque story itself reflects the idea that women are invisible during Sheldon's time. As Francis states, "'The Women Men Don't See' is an outstanding example … of the subversive use of genre fiction to produce an anarchistic discursive position, the feminist bailiwick."^[22]

Death and legacy [edit]

Sheldon continued writing under the Tiptree pen proper noun for another decade. In the last years of her life she suffered from depression and eye trouble, while her husband began to lose his eyesight, becoming almost completely blind in 1986.^[23] In 1976, and so 61-year-one-time Sheldon wrote Silverberg expressing her want to cease her own life while she was nevertheless able-bodied and active, but saying that she was reluctant to act upon this intention, equally she didn't want to leave her husband backside and couldn't bring herself to impale him.^[24] Later she suggested to her husband that they brand a suicide pact when their health began to neglect. On July 21, 1977, she wrote in her diary: "Ting agreed to consider suicide in 4–5 years."^[25]

Ten years after, on May nineteen, 1987, Sheldon shot her husband and so herself; she telephoned her chaser afterward the first shooting to denote her actions. They were establish dead, hand-in-hand in bed, in their Virginia habitation.^[26] According to biographer Julie Phillips, the suicide note Sheldon left was written in September 1979 and saved until needed.^[27] Although the circumstances surrounding the Sheldons' deaths are not clear enough to dominion out murder-suicide, testimony of those closest to them suggests a suicide pact.^[28]

Sexual orientation [edit]

In her personal life, Bradley had a complex sexual orientation, and she described her sexuality in different terms over many years. For example, she explained it at one point: "I like some men a lot, merely from the start, earlier I knew annihilation, it was e'er girls and women who lit me upward."^{[29] [xxx]}

James Tiptree Jr. Honour [edit]

The James Tiptree Jr. Award, honoring works of science fiction or fantasy that expand or explore our agreement of gender, was named in her honor. The accolade-winning scientific discipline fiction authors Karen Joy Fowler and Pat Potato created the award in February 1991.^[31] Works of fiction such as Half Life by Shelley Jackson and Light past G. John Harrison take received the honor. Due to controversy over the circumstances of her and her husband's deaths, the name of the award was inverse to the Otherwise Award in 2019.^[32]

Works [edit]

Brusk story collections [edit]

• Ten 1000 Light-Years from Dwelling (1973)
• Warm Worlds and Otherwise (1975)
• Star Songs of an Onetime Primate (1978)
• Out of the Everywhere and Other Extraordinary Visions (1981)
• Byte Beautiful: Eight Science Fiction Stories (1985)
• The Starry Rift (1986) (linked stories)
• Tales of the Quintana Roo (1986) (linked stories)
• Crown of Stars (1988) (linked stories)
• Her Smoke Rose Up Forever (passenger vehicle drove) (1990)

The abridgement(s) subsequently each title indicate its appearance in one or more of the following collections:

Collection championship	Year of publication	Abbreviation
Ten Thousand Calorie-free-Years from Home	1973	LYFH
Warm Worlds and Otherwise	1975	WWO
Star Songs of an Old Primate	1978	SSOP
Out of the Everywhere and Other Extraordinary Visions	1981	OE
Byte Beautiful: Viii Science Fiction Stories	1985	BB
Tales of the Quintana Roo (linked stories)	1986	QR
The Starry Rift (linked stories)	1986	SR
Crown of Stars	1988	CS
Her Smoke Rose Up Forever (omnibus collection)	1990	SRU
Come across Me at Infinity (fiction, essays & other not-fiction)	2000	MM

• 1968
  • "The Mother Ship" (afterward retitled "Mamma Come Dwelling house") (novelette): LYFH
  • "Pupa Knows All-time" (later retitled "Aid"; novelette): LYFH
  • "Nascency of a Salesman" (curt story): LYFH
  • "Error" (short story): WWO
  • "Happiness Is a Warm Spaceship" (brusk story): MM
  • "Please Don't Play With the Time Automobile" (very curt story): MM
  • "A Day Like Any Other' (very curt story): MM
• 1969
  • "Beam United states of america Home" (curt story): LYFH, BB
  • "The Terminal Flight of Doctor Ain" (brusque story): WWO, SRU
  • "Your Haploid Middle" (novelette): SSOP
  • "The Snows Are Melted, The Snows Are Gone" (novelette): LYFH
  • "Parimutuel Planet" (later retitled "Faithful to Thee, Terra, in Our Mode") (novelette): LYFH
• 1970
  • "The Man Doors Said Hello To" (short story): LYFH
  • "I'1000 Too Big But I Dearest to Play" (novelette): LYFH
  • "The Nightblooming Saurian" (brusk story): WWO
  • "Concluding Dark and Every Night" (brusque story): CS
• 1971
  • "The Peacefulness of Vivyan" (short story): LYFH, BB
  • "I'll Be Waiting for You When the Pond Pool Is Empty" (brusk story): LYFH, BB
  • "And So On, and Then On" (short story): SSOP, SRU
  • "Mother in the Sky with Diamonds" (novelette): LYFH
• 1972
  • "The Human Who Walked Home" (brusque story): LYFH, BB, SRU
  • "And I Take Come Upon This Place by Lost Means" (novelette): WWO, SRU
  • "And I Awoke and Plant Me Here on the Common cold Hill'southward Side" (brusk story): LYFH, SRU
  • On the Last Afternoon (novella): WWO, SRU
  • "Painwise" (novelette): LYFH
  • "Forever to a Hudson Bay Blanket" (brusque story): LYFH
  • "Filomena & Greg & Rikki-Tikki & Barlow & the Conflicting" (later retitled "All the Kinds of Yes") (novelette): WWO
  • "The Milk of Paradise" (short story): WWO
  • "Amberjack" (curt story): WWO
  • "Through a Lass Darkly" (brusque story): WWO
  • "The Trouble Is Not in Your Prepare" (brusk story): MM (previously unpublished)
  • "Press Until the Bleeding Stops" (brusque story): MM
• 1973
  • "Beloved Is the Programme the Plan Is Death" (brusk story): WWO, BB, SRU
  • "The Women Men Don't Run into" (novelette): WWO, SRU
  • "The Girl Who Was Plugged In" (novelette): WWO, SRU
• 1974
  • "Her Fume Rose Up Forever" (novelette): SSOP, SRU
  • "Affections Fix" (novelette, nether the name "Raccoona Sheldon"): OE
• 1975
  • A Momentary Taste of Being (novella): SSOP, SRU
• 1976
  • "Your Faces, O My Sisters! Your Faces Filled of Light!" (brusk story, nether the proper noun Raccoona Sheldon): OE, BB, SRU
  • "Beaver Tears" (short story, under the name Raccoona Sheldon): OE
  • "She Waits for All Men Built-in" (brusque story): SSOP, SRU
  • Houston, Houston, Do You Read? (novella): SSOP, SRU (Hugo award winner; Nebula award winner)
  • "The Psychologist Who Wouldn't Do Awful Things to Rats" (novelette): SSOP
• 1977
  • "The Screwfly Solution" (novelette, under the name Raccoona Sheldon): OE, SRU
  • "Fourth dimension-Sharing Angel" (brusk story): OE
• 1978
  • "We Who Stole the Dream" (novelette): OE, SRU
• 1980
  • Tedious Music (novella): OE, SRU
  • "A Source of Innocent Merriment" (curt story): OE
• 1981
  • "Excursion Fare" (novelette): BB
  • "Lirios: A Tale of the Quintana Roo" (afterward retitled "What Came Ashore at Lirios") (novelette): QR
  • "Out of the Everywhere" (novelette): OE
  • With Frail Mad Hands (novella): OE, BB, SRU
• 1982
  • "The Boy Who Waterskied to Forever" (brusk story): QR
• 1983
  • "Beyond the Dead Reef" (novelette): QR
• 1985
  • "Morality Meat" (novelette, under the name Racoona Sheldon): CS
  • The Only Neat Thing to Do (novella): SR
  • "All This and Heaven Too" (novelette): CS
  • "Trey of Hearts" (curt story): MM (previously unpublished)
• 1986
  • "Our Resident Djinn" (short story): CS
  • "In the Great Central Library of Deneb Academy" (short story): SR
  • Good Nighttime, Sweethearts (novella): SR
  • Collision (novella): SR
  • The Colour of Neanderthal Eyes (novella): MM
• 1987
  • "Second Going" (novelette): CS
  • "Yanqui Doodle" (novelette): CS
  • "In Midst of Life" (novelette): CS
• 1988
  • "Come Live with Me" (novelette): CS
  • Backward, Turn Backward (novella): CS
  • "The Earth Doth Like a Snake Renew" (novellette): CS [written in 1973]

Novels [edit]

• Up the Walls of the Globe (1978)
• Effulgence Falls from the Air (1985)

Other collections [edit]

• Neat Sheets: The Poetry of James Tiptree Jr. (Tachyon Publications, 1996)
• Meet Me at Infinity (a drove of previously uncollected and unpublished fiction, essays and other not-fiction, with much biographical data, edited by Tiptree's friend Jeffrey D. Smith) (2000)

Adaptations [edit]

• "The Human being Who Walked Home" (1977): comic volume adaptation in Canadian underground comic Andromeda Vol. 2, No. 1; September; Silver Snail Comics, Ltd.; Toronto; pp. half-dozen–28. Pencils by John Allison, inks by Tony Meers.
• "Houston, Houston, Do You Read?" (1990): radio drama for the National Public Radio serial Sci-Fi Radio. Originally aired equally two half-hour shows, Feb 4 and 11.
• "Yanqui Doodle" (1990): half-hour radio drama for the National Public Radio serial Sci-Fi Radio. Aired March 18.
• Weird Romance (1992): Off-Broadway musical past Alan Menken. Act 1 is based on "The Daughter Who Was Plugged In".
• "The Daughter Who Was Plugged In" (1998): television film: episode v of the series Welcome to Paradox
• The Screwfly Solution (2006): television motion picture: season 2, episode 7 of the series Masters of Horror
• Xenophilia (2011) – based on the lives and works of Tiptree and Connie Converse; bundled and choreographed by Maia Ramnath; produced past the aerial dance and theater troupe Constellation Moving Company, performed at the Theater for the New City, presented November x–13, 2011. Reviewer Jen Gunnels writes, "The performance juxtaposed some of Tiptree's brusk stories with Converse's songs, mixing in biographical elements of both women while kinesthetically exploring both through trip the light fantastic and aerial work on trapeze, lyra (an aeriform ring), and silks (two lengths of fabric which the artist manipulates to perform aerial acrobatics). The result was elegant, eerie, and securely moving."^{[33] [34]}

Awards and honors [edit]

The Science Fiction Hall of Fame inducted Tiptree in 2012.^[2] She also won several annual awards for particular works of fiction (typically the preceding calendar yr'due south best):^[35]

• Hugo Awards: 1974 novella, The Daughter Who Was Plugged In; 1977 novella, Houston, Houston, Exercise You Read?
• Nebula Awards: 1973 short story, "Love Is the Plan the Plan Is Death"; 1976 novella, Houston, Houston, Do You Read?; 1977 novelette, "The Screwfly Solution" (published equally by Raccoona Sheldon)
• World Fantasy Accolade: 1987 collection, Tales of the Quintana Roo
• Locus Honor: 1984 brusk story, "Beyond the Expressionless Reef"; 1986 novella, The Simply Not bad Thing to Exercise
• Science Fiction Chronicle Accolade: 1986 novella, The Only Bang-up Thing to Exercise
• Jupiter Award: 1977 novella, Houston, Houston, Do You Read?

Japanese-language translations of her fiction as well won two Hayakawa Awards and 3 Seiun Awards as the year'due south best nether changing designations (foreign, overseas, translated). The awards are voted past magazine readers and almanac convention participants respectively:^[35]

• Hayakawa'due south S-F Mag Reader'south Honour, short fiction: 1993, "With Delicate Mad Hands" (1981); 1997, "Come Alive with Me" (1988)
• Seiun Award, short and long fiction: 1988, "The Only Neat Affair to Practise" (1985); 2000, "Out of the Everywhere" (1981); 2008, Effulgence Falls from the Air (1985)

Come across also [edit]

References [edit]

Citations [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b c} James Tiptree Jr. at the Cyberspace Speculative Fiction Database (ISFDB). Retrieved Apr 18, 2013.
2. ^ ^{a b} "Scientific discipline Fiction Hall of Fame: EMP Museum Announces the 2012 Science Fiction Hall of Fame Inductees". Archived from the original on July 22, 2012. Retrieved July 22, 2012. . May/June 2012. EMP Museum (empmuseum.org). Archived July 22, 2012. Retrieved March 19, 2013.
3. ^ Phillips 2006, p. 11.
4. ^ ^{a b c d e f one thousand h} Speller, Maureen Kincaid (2007). "James Tiptree, Jr". Magill'southward Literary Annual 2007: 1–3 – via EBSCOhost.
5. ^ ^{a b c d} Kirkpatrick 2007, p. 64.
6. ^ ^{a b} Phillips 2006, p. 104.
7. ^ Phillips, Julie. "Alice Bradley Sheldon, 1915–1987". James Tiptree Jr.: The Double Life of Alice B. Sheldon. October 23, 2011. Retrieved October 31, 2011.
8. ^ Phillips 2006, p. 38.
9. ^ Phillips 2006, p. 24.
10. ^ Phillips 2006, pp. 63–64.
11. ^ Phillips 2006, pp. 92–93.
12. ^ Phillips 2006, p. 95.
13. ^ Phillips 2006, p. 98.
14. ^ Holmes, John R. (2007). "James Tiptree, Jr". Guide to Literary Masters & Their Works. ane – via EBSCOhost.
15. ^ "ASI_1983_04.pdf". Google Docs.
16. ^ Profile in April 1983 issue of Isaac Asimov's Science Fiction Mag.
17. ^ ^{a b} Kirkpatrick 2007, p. 65.
18. ^ ^{a b} "The Hugger-mugger Sci-Fi Life of Alice B. Sheldon. (Transcript)". NPR.org . Retrieved December 12, 2015. {{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
19. ^ ^{a b} Quoted in Tiptree Jr., James. Effulgence Falls from the Air. Open Road Media, 2014. Ebook.
20. ^ Phillips, Julie. "Dear Starbear: Letters Betwixt Ursula K. Le Guin and James Tiptree Jr." The Mag of Fantasy & Scientific discipline Fiction (2006).
21. ^ "Publication: Warm Worlds and Otherwise". www.isfdb.org . Retrieved Dec 10, 2021.
22. ^ ^{a b c} Cranny-Francis, Anne. Feminist Fiction. New York: St. Martin's Press. 1990. pp. 30, 33, 38.
23. ^ Phillips 2006, p. 388.
24. ^ Davis, Patricia (May 20, 1987). "Bullets End two 'Fragile' Lives". The Washington Post . Retrieved September three, 2019.
25. ^ Phillips 2006, p. 366.
26. ^ Osgood, N.J. (1992). Suicide in Later Life: Recognizing the Alert Signs. Lexington Books. p. seven. ISBN9780669212143 . Retrieved Apr 8, 2015.
27. ^ Phillips 2006, p. 390.
28. ^ Lothian, Alexis (September two, 2019). "Alice Sheldon and the proper name of the Tiptree Award « James Tiptree, Jr. Literary Award". James Tiptree, Jr. Literary Laurels . Retrieved September 3, 2019.
29. ^ Wolfe, Kathi (September 2, 2006). "She blinded me with science fiction". Houstonvoice.com. Houston Vox. Archived from the original on August 4, 2008. Retrieved March 24, 2011.
30. ^ Shawl, Nisi (August 4, 2006). ""James Tiptree Jr.": The astonishing lives of author Alice B. Sheldon". seattletimes.nwsource.com. The Seattle Times. Retrieved March 24, 2011.
31. ^ "Our History". Otherwise Award . Retrieved February 17, 2021.
32. ^ "From Tiptree to Otherwise". Otherwise Award. October 13, 2019. Retrieved February 17, 2021.
33. ^ Gunnels, Jen (Jan 2012). "Xenophilia, based on the works of James Tiptree Jr. and Connie Antipodal". The New York Review of Science Fiction. 24 (5): one, 8–11.
34. ^ Roberts, Lauren (November 1, 2011). "Aerial Dance Theater Show Features Draper's Maia Ramnath". Draper Program. Retrieved Baronial 12, 2012.
35. ^ ^{a b} "Tiptree, James Jr." Archived March 15, 2005, at the Wayback Motorcar. The Locus Index to SF Awards: Index of Literary Nominees. Locus Publications. Retrieved April 18, 2013.

Full general bibliography [edit]

• Cranny-Francis, Anne. Feminist Fiction. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990.
• Elms, A.C. "Painwise in infinite: The psychology of isolation in Cordwainer Smith and James Tiptree Jr." in G. Westfahl (Ed.), Space and Across: The Borderland Theme in Science Fiction. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2000. ISBN 978-0-313-30846-eight.
• Fowler, Karen Joy with Pat Murphy, Debbie Notkin and Jeffrey D. Smith (eds.). The James Tiptree Accolade Anthology 1: Sex, the Future, and Chocolate Chip Cookies. San Francisco, CA: Tachyon Publications, 2004. ISBN 978-i-892391-19-3.
• Fowler, Karen Joy with Pat Spud, Debbie Notkin and Jeffrey D. Smith (eds.). The James Tiptree Accolade Anthology 2. San Francisco, CA: Tachyon Publications, 2005. ISBN 978-one-892391-31-v.
• Fowler, Karen Joy with Pat Murphy, Debbie Notkin and Jeffrey D. Smith (eds.). The James Tiptree Award Album 3: Subversive Stories about Sexual practice and Gender. San Francisco, CA: Tachyon Publications, 2007. ISBN 978-1-892391-41-4.
• Kirkpatrick, Kim (2007). "Begin Again: James Tiptree, Jr.'s Opossum Tricks". Biography. xxx (1): 61–73. doi:10.1353/bio.2007.0024. S2CID 161379989.
• Notkin, Debbie and The Hush-hush Feminist Cabal (eds.). Flying Cups and Saucers: Gender Explorations in Science Fiction and Fantasy. Covina, CA: Edgewood Press, 1998 (2nd edition Lulu.com, 2008). ISBN 978-0-9629066-8-8.^{[ self-published source ]}
• Phillips, Julie. "Love Starbear: Letters Betwixt Ursula M. Le Guin and James Tiptree Jr." The Magazine of Fantasy & Scientific discipline Fiction, September 2006.
• Phillips, Julie (2006). James Tiptree Jr.: The Double Life of Alice B. Sheldon . New York: St. Martin'south Press. ISBN978-0-312-20385-six. A thorough biography, with insight into Sheldon's life and work. Extensive quotation from her correspondence, journals, and other papers. Times Literary Supplement review The Times & The Dominicus Times
• Phillips, Julie. "James Tiptree Jr.: The Double Life of Alice B. Sheldon" (jamestiptreejr.com).: the biographer'south website dedicated to Tiptree/Sheldon

External links [edit]

References

• James Tiptree Jr. at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
• James Tiptree Jr. World Broad Website (unofficial, archived March iii, 2016)
• Overview of Alice B. Sheldon, pen proper name James Tiptree, Jr., papers at the University of Oregon
• New York Times review of James Tiptree Jr.: The Double Life of Alice B. Sheldon by Julie Phillips
• Website for Julie Phillips'due south biography of Tiptree

Online fiction

• "The Women Men Don't See". Archived from the original on January 19, 2008. Retrieved Jan 19, 2008. Text of the short story
• Painwise at the Wayback Machine (archived Feb 17, 2008) Text of the short story
• Beam Us Dwelling at the Wayback Machine (archived February 8, 2008) Text of the short story
• The Screwfly Solution at the Wayback Motorcar (archived Feb 20, 2008) Text of the brusk story
• "Beloved Is the Plan the Plan Is Death". Archived from the original on April 15, 2005. Retrieved May 19, 2011. Text of the brusk story
• "Ii Stories past James Tiptree, Jr.: The Last Flight of Doctor Ain and The Screwfly Solution" PDF file containing both short stories
• Works past James Tiptree Jr. at Open Library

Online radio

• "Houston, Houston, Do You Read?" (Selection 17) from the NPR serial Sci-Fi Radio (twenty & 21), February iv & eleven, 1990 (55:32)
• "Yanqui Putter" (Selection 21) from the NPR serial Sci-Fi Radio (26), March 18, 1990 (27:49)

ledermangivedisming.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Tiptree_Jr.

Share this post